germanic tribes defeated romans at battle of arausio

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Taking camp on opposite sides of a river on a winter day, Hannibal had his cavalrymen attack the Roman camp in the early morning to bait them into crossing the water. In one of their first major engagements, Hannibal’s clever use of tactics enabled his forces to defeat a far larger Roman army. Even after having his army dilapidated after crossing the treacherous Alps, Hannibal wasted no time showing the Romans his military genius. Fortunately for the Romans, the Germanic tribes instead journeyed toward Spain, allowing them time to recuperate and eventually avenge themselves.īefore he finally met his match in the excellent Roman tactician Scipio Africanus, it seemed no one could best Carthaginian general Hannibal.

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The Germanic tribes then proceeded to destroy the rest of the Roman forces, killing all the Roman soldiers plus some 40,000 non-combatants and leaving the city of Rome wide open for an invasion. In the course of the negotiations, the other leader, Quintus Servilius Caepio, ambushed the Cimbri but had his forces destroyed. One leader, Gnaeus Mallius Maximus, tried to negotiate with the Germanic tribes first.

This devastating defeat could be attributed to the unwillingness of the two Roman commanders to cooperate and unite their armies.

Set in modern-day southern France, this battle saw the virtual annihilation of some 80,000 Roman troops at the hands of two Germanic tribes: the Cimbri and Teutones. Ashamed by this defeat, the Roman army disbanded and slunk home. Gaius Pontius imposed on the Romans a humiliating peace treaty, which included the indignity of letting all the captured Romans pass under a yoke made up of spears. Surrounded by the Samnites on all sides and with no chance of escape, the Roman army had no choice but to capitulate. Doubling back, they found that the entrance had also been closed off. When the Romans reached the end, they discovered that it had been barricaded with a wall of stones and trees. He dressed some of his men as shepherds and had them deceive the passing Roman army into taking a narrow road called the Caudine Forks. Upon learning the Romans had amassed a large army to invade his homeland, the Samnite leader Gaius Pontius devised a clever scheme to defeat the enemy. Set during the Roman Republic’s second war with another Italic tribe called the Samnites, this incident did not involve bloodshed-yet it dealt a grievous blow to Roman pride anyway.

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This humiliating incident forced the Romans to beef up their defenses, raise a bigger army, and upgrade their military tactics. In the end, the Roman leaders who barricaded themselves inside the Capitoline Hill agreed to pay off the Gauls with a huge sum. With no force left to protect Rome, the Gauls marched into the city and plundered it for seven months. Outraged at the ambassador breaking his neutrality and Rome’s subsequent refusal to hand the culprit over, the Gauls marched onward to Rome and easily defeated the Roman force at the Allia River. When the Gauls refused and instead continued their attack, a Roman ambassador killed one of their chieftains. Prior to the battle, the Romans had sent ambassadors to the Gauls to stop them from attacking the city of their Etruscan allies. This battle, which culminated in the First Sack of Rome, saw 70,000 men from the Gallic tribe of Senones defeat a smaller Roman force of 24,000–40,000 soldiers.

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Subsequently, this victory allowed the Goths free rein to plunder nearby cities and also force Rome to pay a humiliating annual tribute.

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With the Romans bogged down and immobilized, Cniva’s army successfully surrounded them and began a wholesale slaughter.Īlthough no exact numbers record what happened, it is speculated that Cniva’s forces virtually annihilated the Romans, taking away wagons full of prisoners and war booty after the carnage had finished. Though previous clashes between the two sides had been back-and-forth-affairs, the decisive battle happened when the Goths’ wily leader, a chieftain named Cniva, managed to bait the main Roman army into entering a swamp. Set in the modern-day city of Razgrad, Bulgaria, the battle pitted the Romans-led by the co-emperors Decius and his son Herennius-against the Goths. This battle marked the first time that a Roman emperor died at the hands of a foreign enemy.